Startups and private companies seek to raise funds, they usually do it through venture-capital investment. This provides a growing business with the funds they need to grow their business. In exchange, they receive equity ownership granted to venture capitalists.
But venture equity isn’t the only option for startups can raise funds. These private companies, which are rapidly growing, are able to choose to borrow money in between, prior to, or after equity fundraising rounds in order to boost the amount of capital required for the continued growth of their business.
This kind of debt is referred to as venture debt and is becoming more prevalent in the world of startups. Similar to other types of debt, including those on Bridge Payday Investors are now able to put money into the corporate loan as an asset that they can add to their portfolios and earn interest.
What are Corporate Loans?
Corporate loans can be a particular kind of financing for debt that companies with venture equity backing can borrow to finance expenses and take advantage of opportunities for growth. Incorporating venture debt through corporate loans typically complements previous capital raised by the venture capital market (or VC) which can further extend the time that an enterprise can operate in a non-profit manner (also called “runway”).
Non-bank lenders and banks that specialize in corporate loans provide companies capital, with the assurance of complete repayment and interest. If a venture-backed business fails to be able to pay its debt in time, lenders may adopt measures, which include (but not exclusively) getting access to equity in the business and/or foreclosing on the assets of the company. The terms of corporate loan agreements typically include an option for investors to purchase or get equity in the business regardless of the success of repayments.
What makes a business decision to accept the risk of a corporate loan?
Businesses often take corporate loans during the fundraising rounds. This lets them do everything from financing acquisitions to employing new staff, boosting spending for advertising and marketing, as well as a nearly endless variety of other actions that a business could take to boost the revenue and profits of their current business. Funding venture debt can ultimately lead to an even more profitable funding round for the company in the future as well as more value of equity.
The only way to raise venture debt is through corporate loans that will not reduce the equity of the shareholders of the company, which includes the company itself as well as its employees. Since no new shares are made through corporate loans and the value of shares previously held remains identical till the subsequent round of raising funds or end-of-life occasion. (It is important to note that the majority of traditional corporate loan companies provide venture loans with additional rights to buy equity in the future, at generally affordable prices, thereby reducing the value of the existing shareholder base.)
What are the risk factors of Corporate loans?
Businesses that are venture-backed or in the beginning have a lot of risks and challenges, just like corporate loans. Because not all businesses will succeed and very only a few are successful, some venture-backed firms are unable to pay back the loan. They are typically newer businesses that are operating in the new or emerging fields with no-tested products and may not be profitable for them for the duration of the time they exist. The fact that they are new also means that they are less likely to have a track record (or often there is no track record) regarding repayment of the debts they incurred in the past.
The majority of borrowers who take on venture debt depend on refinancing or future fundraising to repay corporate loans. The key people in a small venture-backed business could leave or be removed from the company, or die which could lead to “key person risk,” or the complete or partial failure of the company because of the sudden departure from one or more of the individuals.
How can investors assess corporate loan agreements?
Since the risks involved in corporate loans are different from others, and evaluation of a loan agreement for corporate purposes is distinct. Naturally, investors will scrutinize the financials of a company however because borrowers of venture debt are typically young businesses and, in most cases, are unprofitable so the emphasis is different.
In the income statement, revenue is probably the most important item to consider for corporate loan analysis because it’s usually the basis of VC valuations that help fund any future financing round of equity which can be used to pay back the loan. Investors look at the growth in revenue and attempt to identify the reason for the increase in revenue. The most relevant factors are customer diversity and stickiness of customers, churn and churn, as well as the proportion of revenue that is repeated. Investors should also try to determine the unit economics of a business and net and gross profit margins.
In the balance sheet, cash is the most important factor, especially when the business is not profitable. Comparing cash with an unprofitable business’s negative net income or cash burn rate lets investors know the amount of runway a business could have before running short of funds to cover salaries and vendors, among others. In the case of companies that burn cash, it’s important to determine what percentage of the burning is temporary or averted in the event of a need.
Qualitative information also deserves attention. Investors typically try to comprehend the company’s business plan and sales process, the leadership team, IP, and the market placement of its product. Understanding where a borrower is within its market is vital since the outlook for the sector could determine the future performance of the company and its valuation.
Because corporate loans typically rely on equity fundraising or refinancing to refinance debt as a means of repayment, it’s essential to understand the plan as well as their current equity investors. For instance, a business that has strong equity investors in a setting that has a market for venture capital or initial public offering (IPOs) is strong will be able to repay the debt than a company that is funded by only one angel investor in a market that is characterized by poor markets for IPOs or venture capital or private equity.
What is the way corporate loans are constructed?
Corporate loan agreements typically deal with covenants, collateral, and the ability to repay. The collateral for a corporate loan usually consists of all the assets belonging to the borrower, possibly including intellectual property.
Covenants are conditions imposed upon the borrowers throughout the duration of the transaction. For corporate loans such as these, they may require to keep the minimum balance of cash as well as restrictions on distributions to shareholders, restrictions on mergers, acquisitions, and divestitures, as well as regular reports of financial results. The ability to repay is dealt with by sizing the loan in a way that is proportional respect to the company’s equity valuation runway, or revenues.